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本文目录：
- 1、库存的作用
- 2、长城公司是生产机械器具的制造企业，依计划每年采A零件10000个，A零售单位购买价格是16元，每次订货成...
- 3、哪位朋友帮忙把下面这些话翻译成英文，谢谢！！！！！！！
- 4、什么 是 库存？定义和意义
库存的作用
库存有防止短缺、防止中断、缩短订货提前期、分摊订货费用和调整准备费用等作用。库存有时被译为“存贮”或“储备”，是为了满足未来需要而暂时闲置的资源。
库存
库存可以分两类，一类是生产库存，即直接消耗物资的基层企业、事业的库存物资，它是为了保证企业、事业单位所消耗的物资能够不间断地供应而储存的。
一类是流通库存，即生产企业的原材料或成品库存，生产主管部门的库存和各级物资主管部门的库存。
此外，还有特殊形式的国家储备物资，它们主要是为了保证及时、齐备地将物资供应或销售给基层企业、事业单位的供销库存。
长城公司是生产机械器具的制造企业，依计划每年采A零件10000个，A零售单位购买价格是16元，每次订货成...
经济进货数量=Squat（2*年需要量*每次进货费用/单位储存成本）=500个
经济订货次数=年需要量/每次经济进货数量=10000/500=20次
经济订货成本=经济进货价+进货费用+储存成本=(500*16+100+8)=8108元
哪位朋友帮忙把下面这些话翻译成英文，谢谢！！！！！！！
1 inventory control problem: the inventories of liquidity occupant enterprise, if inventories, floating capital ZhanYongLiang too too much, it will affect enterprises economic benefit; Inventories is too small, and to ensure the production continuing normal. Therefore, how many must master the inventories of fixed and reasonable inventory turnover moderately.
2 what is the inventory: inventory, warehouse storage is the actual goods. Can be divided into two kinds: one kind is the production of inventory, namely direct consumption materials of grass-roots enterprise, business, it is for the stock material guarantee enterprise, institution consume materials can uninterrupted supply and storage; One kind is circulation inventory, namely production enterprise fg inventory, production departments at various levels of inventory and materials department inventory
3 inventory the problems existing in the management: in order to ensure enterprise's just-in-time production, many enterprises have caused the problem of high inventories, the main reason is that this phenomenon: sales forecast not accurate is the main cause of high impact inventory; Goods strategy of failures and timely control ability is poor; Ordering cycle unstable; Inventory imbalances
4 inventory role: to shorten the time; the order advance Stable effect; Share order cost and adjusting preparation costs; To prevent short; Prevent interrupt; Less home-textile order
5 increases with stocks rising costs: cost of capital; Storage space charge; Deterioration and old; Tax and insurance
6 decreases with inventory cost: order fee; Adjust prepare fee; 购买费 and processing; Production management fee; Stock losses
7 inventory control definition: inventory control, is to the manufacturing or services production, management of the whole process of the various items, finished goods and other resources management and control, make its reserves remain in the economic reasonable level
8 inventory control role: to guarantee enterprise production and management on the premise of demand, make inventories often maintain in reasonable level; Master inventory dynamic, timely, and a ChaoChu or proposed order, avoid stock; Reduce inventory space occupied, reduce inventory total cost; Control inventory nbre, speed up the capital turnover
9 the reasonable control: stock inventory generated problem: excessive warehouse and inventory increase the storage charges, thereby improving the product cost; Occupy a lot of liquidity, causing the funds, which increased payment glazed other burdens, and interest will affect the time value of money and opportunity income; Cause products and raw material tangible depreciation and intangible loss; The large number of idle caused enterprise resources, affect the reasonable configuration and optimization; Cover the enterprise production and management of the whole process of the various contradictions and the question, go against enterprise raise the level of management
Inventories too small problems arising: cause a decrease in the level of service, affect sales profit and enterprise credibility; Production system raw materials or other materials supply, affect the normal production process; To shorten, order interval times of order increase, make order (production) costs rise; The production process of balance and influence of assembling complete sex:
10 zero inventory: zero inventory meaning is stored form of a warehouse or some kind of goods storage quantity is low a concept, can even as "zero", i.e. not keep inventory
11 zero inventory form: entrust custody means: accept user, commissioned by the entrusted party generation custody of the ownership with user, thus no longer retain user materials inventory, even can no longer keep insurance reserve inventory, thus realize zero inventory
Collaboration subcontractor is mainly manufacturing enterprise way: a kind of industry structure form, this structure can form of flexible production in some enterprises on the supply, makes advocate enterprise for zero; supply of inventory Meanwhile the Lord centralized sales inventory make enterprise some subcontracting of services and sales enterprise sales inventory is zero.
Kanban way in enterprise's each working procedure, between enterprises, or in between, or in production enterprises and suppliers, the fixed format between the card for vouchers, by the next link according to own rhythm, inverse production flow direction, up a link, so as to coordinate relations designated supply on time synchronization, do
No inventory reserves: inventory reserves, is still maintain reserves, but don't take inventory form, this achieve zero inventory
什么 是 库存？定义和意义
库存，是仓库中实际储存的货物。可以分两类：一类是生产库存，即直接消耗物资的基层企业、事业的库存物资，它是为了保证企业、事业单位所消耗的物资能够不间断地供应而储存的；一类是流通库存，即生产企业的原材料或成品库存，生产主管部门的库存和各级物资主管部门的库存。此外，还有特殊形式的国家储备物资，它们主要是为了保证及时、齐备地将物资供应或销售给基层企业、事业单位的供销库存。
含义：处于储存状态的商品叫做库存，它是储存的表现形态。
作用
（1） 缩短订货提前期。
（2）稳定作用。成品库存将外部需求和内部生产分隔开，像水库一样。
（3）分摊订货费用(Order cost) 和调整准备费用(Setup cost)。
（4）防止短缺。
（5）防止中断。
（6）需求方订货量少。
按照企业库存管理目的的不同，库存可以被分为以下几种类型：
1．经常库存:
经常库存也可被称作周转库存，这种库存是指为满足客户日常的需求而产生的。保持经常库存的目的是为了衔接供需，缓冲供需之间在时间上的矛盾，保障供需双方的经营活动都能正常进行。这种库存的补充是按照一定的数量界限或时间间隔进行的；
2．安全库存:
为了防止由于不确定因素(如突发性大量订货或供应商延期交货)准备的缓冲库存被称为安全库存。有资料表明，这种缓冲库存约占零售业库存的1／3；
3．加工和运输过程库存:
处于流通加工或等待加工而暂时被存储的商品叫做加工库存。处于运输状态(在途)或为了运输(待运)而暂时处于储存状态的商品叫做运输过程库存；
4．季节性库存:
季节性库存是指为了满足在一定的季节中出现的特殊需求而建立的库存，或指对在特定季节生产的商品、在产成的季节大量收存所建立的库存；
5．沉淀库存或积压库存：
沉淀库存或积压库存是指因商品品质出现问题或发生损坏，或者是因没有市场而滞销的商品库存，超额储存的库存也是其中一部分；
6．促销库存：
促销库存是指为了与企业的促销活动相配合而产生的预期销售增加所建立的库存；
7．时间效用库存:
时间效用库存是指为了避免商品价格上涨给企业带来亏损，或为了从商品价格上涨中得到利益而建立的库存。
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