php类变量怎么赋值,php中字符串销毁变量的函数是?
PHP unset()函数是用来销毁变量的,也可以用变量名=null来赋值。
php配置全局环境变量没生效?
您好,你需要在函数外部声明全局变量!
如何学编程?
编程是编定程序的中文简称,就是让计算机代码解决某个问题,对某个计算体系规定一定的运算方式,使计算体系按照该计算方式运行,并最终得到相应结果的过程。编程能提高逻辑思维能力,加强计算能力。
编程语言
Python
Python是一种面向对象有着代码简洁、可读性强特点的解释型计算机程序设计语言。代码简洁是因为它把许多的复杂的操作封装起来,将C语言中麻烦的指针和内存管理对开发者隐藏起来,使得在开发过程中,无须在意这部分的细节。另外Python这门语言强制用户用缩进进行排版,若不好好排版,则代码编译无法通过,或者运行过程会出现错误。
C语言
C语言是一门面向过程的、抽象化的广泛应用于底层开发的通用程序设计语言,能以简易的方式编译和处理低级存储器。C语言既具有高级语言的特点,又具有汇编语言的特点,是仅产生少量机器语言以及不需要任何运行环境支持便能运行的高效率程序设计语言。
是有简洁的语言、具有结构化的控制语句、丰富的数据类型、丰富的运算符、可对物理地址进行直接操作、代码具有较好的可移植性、可生成高质量、目标代码执行效率高的程序。
Java
Java通过面向作为静态对象的编程语言的代表,可以充分的实现面向的对象理论的编程语言,有简单性、功能强大、分布式、健壮性、安全性、平台独立与可移植性、多线程及动态性的特点。
Java支持在网络上应用,Java既支持各种层次的网络连接,又以Socket类支持可靠的流(stream)网络连接,它是分布式语言。所以用户可以产生分布式的客户机和服务器。网络变成软件应用的分布运载工具。Java程序只要编写一次,就可到处运行。
PHP
PHP是一种被广泛应用的开放源代码的多用途脚本语言,它可嵌入到 HTML中,尤其适合 web 开发。
使用 PHP 的最大的好处是它对于初学者来说极其简单,同时也给专业的程序员提供了各种高级的特性,只需几个小时就可以自己写一些简单的脚本。尽管 PHP 的开发是以服务端脚本为目的,但事实上其功能远不局限于此。
GO
Go语言(又称 Golang)是一种静态强类型、编译型语言,是一个开源编程环境,可以轻松构建简单、可靠和高效的软件。Go 语言语法与 C 相近,但功能上有:内存安全,GC(垃圾回收),结构形态及 CSP-style 并发计算。Go 内嵌了关联数组(也称为哈希表(Hashes)或字典(Dictionaries)),就像字符串类型一样。
对比
python和c语言的区别主要体现在:语言类型、内存管理、速度、应用、运行、对象、声明、测试和调试难度、复杂度、学习程度。 测试和调试难度不同:Python相对其他语言而言是非常简单的语言,高度集成,代码量少。Python中的测试和调试更容易;C中测试和调试更难。 学习难度不同:Python:Python程序更易于学习,编写和阅读;C语言:C程序语法比Python更难。
python 跟 java 一样是强类型语言,也就是说它不会根据环境变化自动改变数据类型。python 是动态语言,而 java 是静态语言。也就是说 python 在编程时,永远不用给任何变量指定数据类型,而 java 写程序时必须声明所有变量的数据类型。
python 的模块类似于 java 的 class,不过python模块导入会执行 代码的内容,而 java 不会。python 与 java 的执行方式还是蛮像的,都是将源码编译成 byte code 然后交给相应的虚拟机去执行。
Python的框架数量较少,而PHP中成熟的框架比较多;PHP是面向web的语言,而Python是多用途语言,也可以用于web开发;Python使用非常严格的缩进强制执行,使它比PHP更具可读性。
学习思路
认识编程
编程语言(programming language)又称程序设计语言,是一组用特定语言编写的用于执行特定任务的指令。主要用于开发桌面应用、操作系统、网站、移动应用等。
低级编程语言
它基于二进制数 0 和 1 工作,处理器直接运行低级程序,不需要编译器或解释器,因此用低级语言编写的程序可以运行得非常快。
低级语言进一步分为两部分
机器语言
机器语言也称为机器代码或目标代码,更容易阅读,因为它通常以二进制或十六进制形式(基数 16)形式显示。
它不需要翻译器来转换程序,因为计算机直接理解机器语言程序。
汇编语言
汇编语言是为特定处理器设计的,它以象征性和人类可理解的形式表示一组指令。它使用汇编程序将汇编语言转换为机器语言。
中级编程语言
中级编程语言介于低级编程语言和高级编程语言之间。
它也被称为中间程序语言和伪语言。
中级编程语言的优点是支持高级编程的特性,是一种用户友好的语言,与机器语言和人类语言密切相关。
例如:C、C++
高级编程语言
高级编程语言 (HLL) 旨在开发用户友好的软件程序和网站。
这种编程语言需要编译器或解释器将程序翻译成机器语言(执行程序)。
示例:Python、Java、JavaScript、PHP、C#、C++ 等。
编程实践
学习编程语言的过程简单描述为:过、抄、仿、改、调、看、练、创、悟。
过
基础知识点不求深解,语言什么样的,适用场合、基本语法格式
抄代码
从书上抄、例子中抄、边抄边想边想边回忆语法
模仿改
仿照给出的代码写出自己的代码
勤调试
不断调试验证自己想法,继续思考,再次验证。熟悉调试工具调试方法
看n遍
出错或者遇到问题时,将代码从头到尾看n遍直到快记住,找出问题原因
练
2-5步三遍以上
创新
拿出一个没有写过的根据要求,一步一步写出来,写不出来参考6
悟
主动找到写代码的感觉和成就感,保持下去。
选择大于努力,只有切入一个适合自己的开发方向,才能持续进步。关于开发方向,我有以下两个选择标准。
兴趣
学习编程是一个非常枯燥的过程,内容多,时间长,成本高,即使报名了培训班也学不会,所以,我们首先要选择自己感兴趣的一个开发方向,这样不但能快速学习,以后还能持续进步。学习编程的过程是比较艰苦的,没有兴趣很难硬抗下来,此处的兴趣,是指别人无法撼动的热爱,是工作之余让你放松的事情。如果你只是有过某种想法,别人告诉你这个想法不靠谱,你就放弃了,这顶多是一时的鸡血。
学习方式
费曼学习法
在学完一个东西之后去给别人讲明白,注意是讲给别人听,当你写成文章发表在网上的时候,你自然会去用更通俗的语言,更清晰的逻辑去讲述这个事物背后的逻辑。这个过程是对自己学习的一个检验,也是加深映像整理思路的重要过程。
那么如果你是去记笔记的话,很有可能你会倾向于去照抄,或是不完全照抄,以“提纲”或是“知识点”的形式抄在本子上。说句实话,照抄的笔记真的没用,因为现在搜索引擎的能力已经可以让你把大多数东西快速找到,你为什么还要照抄到笔记本上呢?
从功利的角度考虑,技术文章的写作,别人可以直接访问,也可以逐渐累积你的影响力,一个好的个人技术博客,会给你的简历加分很多,而一个厚厚的笔记本,没有人会管你记了什么。
做好笔记
大多数人没有过目不忘的神技,学了也不一定马上掌握,需要过后花时间慢慢领悟,而且还有忘掉的风险,所以对于重要的知识点都要做好笔记。编程的过程中总会遇到各种各样的问题,比如编程环境的配置,常用的快捷键,编程过程中的错误、异常,软件更新问题等等。面对这些问题都是如何解决的,一定要记录下来,一是增加自己解决问题的经验,而是以防下次出现。
多看官方文档
外文资料互联网是一个更新迭代很快的行业,所有编程语言都会不断的更新新功能和修复旧Bug,网上查的资料很有可能是旧的解决方案,现在已经不适用了。所以最好最快的方法就是查看官方文档。
进入行业圈子
只有进入行业圈子与其他人交流,你才了解最新的行业动态,才知道自己需要更新哪些技能。
动手做项目
学习编程的最终目的就是用所学的做出具有一定功能的项目,而做项目又是最好的学习和巩固知识的方式。如果前期能力不足就先做一些简单的功能模块,一步一步慢慢来,不要一开始就要实现各种酷炫炸天功能,遇到不会的就在网上查, 现在互联网这么发达,获取资源也及其方便。而且开发前也最好在网上查一下有没有已经成型的框架或模板,什么都自己做一是很耗费时间,二是自己技术能力不足还可能留下不少坑。
学习Python
安装编程环境
第一步:访问Python官网,获取最新安装程序。
第二步:运行下载的安装程序,注意勾选“Add Python3.7 to PATH”,然后选择个性化安装,即“Customize installation”。
第三步:确保“pip”被勾选上,之后安装各种库需要用到pip。
第四步:高级选项,需要的可以修改安装目录,通常没有需要修改的,直接点“Install”。
第五步:等待程序自动安装完成。
第六步:出现如下界面,说明安装已完成。
第七步:验证方法,Windows+R 键打开“运行”窗口,输入cmd运行,进入命令提示窗口,再输入python,进入Python的命令模式,输入 print("Hello"),结果输出了 Hello,如下图所示,确定开发环境已安装完成。
运行环境
Hello World!
命令行
在Linux命令行输入:$python
将直接进入python。然后在命令行提示符>>>后面输入:>>>print('Hello World!')
可以看到,随后在屏幕上输出:
Hello World!
print是一个常用函数,其功能就是输出括号中得字符串。
(在Python 2.x中,print还可以是一个关键字,可写成print 'Hello World!',但这在3.x中行不通 )
小程序
另一个使用Python的方法,是写一个Python程序。用文本编辑器写一个.py结尾的文件,比如说hello.py
在hello.py中写入如下,并保存:print('Hello World!')
退出文本编辑器,然后在命令行输入:$python hello.py
来运行hello.py。可以看到Python随后输出Hello World!
脚本
我们还可以把Python程序hello.py改成一个可执行的脚本,直接执行:#!/usr/bin/env python
print('Hello World!')
需要修改上面程序的权限为可执行:chmod 755 hello.py
然后再命令行中,输入./hello.py
就可以直接运行了。
基本数据类型
变量不声明
Python的变量不需要声明,你可以直接输入:>>>a = 10
那么你的内存里就有了一个变量a, 它的值是10,它的类型是integer (整数)。 在此之前你不需要做什么特别的声明,而数据类型是Python自动决定的。
>>>print(a)
>>>print(type(a))
那么会有如下输出:
10
这里,我们学到一个内置函数type(),用以查询变量的类型。
回收变量名
如果你想让a存储不同的数据,你不需要删除原有变量就可以直接赋值。
>>>a = 1.3
>>>print(a,type(a))
会有如下输出
1.3
序列
sequence(序列)是一组有顺序的元素的集合,(严格的说,是对象的集合,但鉴于我们还没有引入“对象”概念,暂时说元素)序列可以包含一个或多个元素,也可以没有任何元素。
我们之前所说的基本数据类型,都可以作为序列的元素。元素还可以是另一个序列,以及我们以后要介绍的其他对象。
序列有两种:tuple(定值表; 也有翻译为元组) 和 list (表)
>>>s1 = (2, 1.3, 'love', 5.6, 9, 12, False) # s1是一个tuple
>>>s2 = [True, 5, 'smile'] # s2是一个list
>>>print(s1,type(s1))
>>>print(s2,type(s2))
tuple和list的主要区别在于,一旦建立,tuple的各个元素不可再变更,而list的各个元素可以再变更。
一个序列作为另一个序列的元素
>>>s3 = [1,[3,4,5]]
空序列
>>>s4 = []
自学
网站
菜鸟网站
这个python教程很适合小白学习,没有高深的原理,照着教程学就完事了。
菜鸟教程是一个提供免费编程学习的网站,里面不但能学到编程知识,还能运用在线编程工具,使你在学习的过程中得到发挥,实践得真理,边学边做中让基础打得更稳,让自己的知识更加稳固。在自己有不明白不理解的地方可以在网站的用户笔记中寻找大佬们的笔记,把自己所学和技术大佬的经验所融合,使自己更好地提升自己的能力。
菜鸟教程内容丰富,例如前端热门语言HTML5、CSS3、JavaScript、Vue等它该有的都有,都会从最基础的开始教,让刚学编程的小白由浅及深,一看就懂。每个知识点都有实例可以动手,直接在页面内做你想要的效果真的非常棒。菜鸟的排版简洁清晰有序,内容一针见血,让你一看就能明白其知识点的含义。
菜鸟教程不仅前端教程语言丰富,后端的Java、PHP、Python更是一应俱全,当然数据库、移动端、XML、ASP.NET、Web Service、开发工具和网站建设也是应有尽有,菜鸟教程有学到的知识如此之多,奋斗吧少年。
廖雪峰的官方网站
廖雪峰的官方网站比较推荐新手程序员学习前端,这个网站的教学视频的讲解相对来说会比较生动,没有其他教程那么死板,看起来也不至于那么犯困,也更便于新手去理解。总的来说,廖雪峰的官方网站作为一款启蒙类的前端学习网站还是相当不错的。
Python官方教程
这是Python官方出品的教程,可搭配Python标准库一起学。
书籍
《Python编程从入门到实践(第2版)》
作者:埃里克·马瑟斯 (EricMatthes)袁国忠 译
ISBN:9787115546081
出版:人民邮电出版社
本书是针对所有层次Python读者而作的Python门书。全书分两部分:部分介绍用Python编程所必须了解的基本概念,包括强大的Python库和工具,以及列表、字典、if语句、类、文件与异常、代码测试等内容;第二部分将理论付诸实践,讲解如何发三个项目,包括简单的2D游戏、利用数据生成交互式的信息图以及创建和定制简单的Web应用,并帮助读者解决常见编程问题和困惑。
《像计算机科学家一样学Python》
ISBN:9787115425515
作者:艾伦 B. 唐尼(Allen B. Downey)
出版:人民邮电出版社
本书以培养读者以计算机科学家一样的思维方式来理解Python语言编程。贯穿全书的主体是如何思考、设计、发的方法,而具体的编程语言,只是提供了一个具体场景方便介绍的媒介。全书共21章,详细介绍Python语言编程的方方面面。本书从基本的编程概念始讲起,包括语言的语法和语义,而且每个编程概念都有清晰的定义,引领读者循序渐地学习变量、表达式、语句、函数和数据结构。书中还探讨了如何处理文件和数据库,如何理解对象、方法和面向对象编程,如何使用调试技巧来修正语法错误、运行时错误和语义错误。
《计算机科学丛书:Java编程思想》
ISBN:9787111213826
作者:[美] Bruce Eckel
出版:机械工业出版社
本书的作者拥有多年教学经验,对C、C++以及Java语言都有独到、深入的见解,以通俗易懂及小而直接的示例解释了一个个晦涩抽象的概念。本书共22章,包括操作符、控制执行流程、访问权限控制、复用类、多态、接口、通过异常处理错误、字符串、泛型、数组、容器深入研究、JavaI/O系统、枚举类型、并发以及图形化用户界面等内容。这些丰富的内容,包含了Java语言基础语法以及高级特性,适合各个层次的Java程序员阅读,同时也是高等院校讲授面向对象程序设计语言以及Java语言的好教材和参考书。
《疯狂Java讲义》
ISBN:9787121361586
作者:李刚
出版:电子工业出版社
《疯狂Java讲义(第4版)》深入介绍了Java编程的相关方面,《疯狂Java讲义(第4版)》内容覆盖了Java的基本语法结构、Java的面向对象特征、Java集合框架体系、Java泛型、异常处理、Java GUI编程、JDBC数据库编程、Java注释、Java的IO流体系、Java多线程编程、Java网络通信编程和Java反射机制。覆盖了java.lang、java.util、java.text、java.io和java.nio、java.sql、java.awt、javax.swing包下绝大部分类和接口。本书重点介绍了Java 9的模块化系统,还详细介绍了Java 9的jshell工具、多版本JAR包、匿名内部类的菱形语法、增强的try语句、私有接口方法,以及Java 9新增的各种API功能。
%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"编程是编定程序的中文简称,就是让计算机代码解决某个问题,对某个计算体系规定一定的运算方式,使计算体系按照该计算方式运行,并最终得到相应结果的过程","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。编程能提高逻辑思维能力,加强计算能力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WceadiusyoyOwaxoNSsceBGjnVd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"编程语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Oqa2diWSioCqoexAhV7cd5qbnLd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"Python","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RYCIdicsYoyiUgx6drTcXYVMn4d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Python是一种面向对象有着代码简洁、可读性强特点的解释型计算机程序设计语言。代码简洁是因为它把许多的复杂的操作封装起来,将C语言中麻烦的指针和内存管理对开发者隐藏起来,使得在开发过程中,无须在意这部分的细节。另外Python这门语言强制用户用缩进进行排版,若不好好排版,则代码编译无法通过,或者运行过程会出现错误。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SeiEdQ4GAoc8Koxm6Oucd3MonOb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":701,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"Python","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/aeaa7b58948c4124bd69b6417e51906a","width":1563},"text":"","id":"DSA6demiCo8YmgxGYDmcdbmenQf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"C语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RKKodkW2Wo0muoxaYdScS9gDnse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"C语言是一门面向过程的、抽象化的广泛应用于底层开发的通用程序设计语言,能以简易的方式编译和处理低级存储器。C语言既具有高级语言的特点,又具有汇编语言的特点,是仅产生少量机器语言以及不需要任何运行环境支持便能运行的高效率程序设计语言。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WkgAdki6koYcsSxzF93csMeynCk"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"是有简洁的语言、具有结构化的控制语句、丰富的数据类型、丰富的运算符、可对物理地址进行直接操作、代码具有较好的可移植性、可生成高质量、目标代码执行效率高的程序。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FkCQdiCsmo40iqxg7ujcPBy9nHe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":806,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"C语言","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6f859719f77941aea4a29e7119f20a7f","width":1603},"text":"","id":"ME8ad6QuAoiWo2xe8zCc3gXrnog"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"Java","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FWK8d2GSUoMME2xUxHzc8kMYnQR"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Java通过面向作为静态对象的编程语言的代表,可以充分的实现面向的对象理论的编程语言,有简单性、功能强大、分布式、健壮性、安全性、平台独立与可移植性、多线程及动态性的特点。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TeIod6souoE4EkxgjEfcOZkLnoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Java支持在网络上应用,Java既支持各种层次的网络连接,又以Socket类支持可靠的流(stream)网络连接,它是分布式语言。所以用户可以产生分布式的客户机和服务器。网络变成软件应用的分布运载工具。Java程序只要编写一次,就可到处运行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Te4udsisCoK44gxMpuPcDy11nfd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":839,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"Java","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0e1656925be54be393b49dc2e2ac7b80","width":1893},"text":"","id":"SUW6d0aw2oskC4x2FMSc3WhNnRg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"PHP","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ic6kdo08aoY4GuxeY6Qc3Z8nnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"PHP是一种被广泛应用的开放源代码的多用途脚本语言,它可嵌入到 HTML中,尤其适合 web 开发。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwQ8dKQCeoGAmixqM7BcXdgUnAd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 PHP 的最大的好处是它对于初学者来说极其简单,同时也给专业的程序员提供了各种高级的特性,只需几个小时就可以自己写一些简单的脚本。尽管 PHP 的开发是以服务端脚本为目的,但事实上其功能远不局限于此。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DW0Odakc6ouW6Kxu6kPcdPF3nZd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":648,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PHP","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/300a2e3c7e954e7b8def92163c3f3673","width":1828},"text":"","id":"Naq2duscgogQ2oxYjg2cosy1nEe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"GO","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CwWwdCYeAoMuMuxCiNpcqJKpnRg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Go语言(又称 Golang)是一种静态强类型、编译型语言,是一个开源编程环境,可以轻松构建简单、可靠和高效的软件。Go 语言语法与 C 相近,但功能上有:内存安全,GC(垃圾回收),结构形态及 CSP-style 并发计算。Go 内嵌了关联数组(也称为哈希表(Hashes)或字典(Dictionaries)),就像字符串类型一样。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SIY6dO8ecoGoOOxmUVPcViIAnxb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":772,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"GO","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3a879bbdd4b64d2b9b54d3f7358e7ed3","width":1522},"text":"","id":"GuiUdc6UCoKUWGxaCogc2jcrnFe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"对比","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EGqmdKMsGogUeexukQ5cA2wTnQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"python和c语言的区别主要体现在:语言类型、内存管理、速度、应用、运行、对象、声明、测试和调试难度、复杂度、学习程度。 测试和调试难度不同:Python相对其他语言而言是非常简单的语言,高度集成,代码量少。Python中的测试和调试更容易;C中测试和调试更难。 学习难度不同:Python:Python程序更易于学习,编写和阅读;C语言:C程序语法比Python更难。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HEyKduA4Iow6Kwx8ZiCcPQaVnHd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"python 跟 java 一样是强类型语言,也就是说它不会根据环境变化自动改变数据类型。python 是动态语言,而 java 是静态语言。也就是说 python 在编程时,永远不用给任何变量指定数据类型,而 java 写程序时必须声明所有变量的数据类型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6yAdOUQqoQSIYxs7XVcPwlSnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"python 的模块类似于 java 的 class,不过python模块导入会执行 代码的内容,而 java 不会。python 与 java 的执行方式还是蛮像的,都是将源码编译成 byte code 然后交给相应的虚拟机去执行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VmgOds4Ceoi0KoxGa8nc0GLDneb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Python的框架数量较少,而PHP中成熟的框架比较多;PHP是面向web的语言,而Python是多用途语言,也可以用于web开发;Python使用非常严格的缩进强制执行,使它比PHP更具可读性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MW22d02SsoU2oYxesy1cIEfsnYb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SA4kdwiSIoMW42xCGzDcMMyXnfe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习思路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ECkydGqiIoEmKoxQzshckC4rncd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"认识编程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IkSQdA02Ko64KKxoHAGc6cEwnIb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"编程语言(programming language)又称程序设计语言,是一组用特定语言编写的用于执行特定任务的指令。主要用于开发桌面应用、操作系统、网站、移动应用等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HM2udQ0giowuekxoV1kchShynhc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"低级编程语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CkEQdgiGooaKGaxesABch5T1nlh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它基于二进制数 0 和 1 工作,处理器直接运行低级程序,不需要编译器或解释器,因此用低级语言编写的程序可以运行得非常快。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UgoMde6QIou8yAxambScEu1vnOb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"低级语言进一步分为两部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ASy6dMoGooWsKaxeCDAcTUajnde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"机器语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z8MKdYOOmoucO0xai2uc1TUKnTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"机器语言也称为机器代码或目标代码,更容易阅读,因为它通常以二进制或十六进制形式(基数 16)形式显示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RIgMdsykeoaykIxawjVcRE7HnXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它不需要翻译器来转换程序,因为计算机直接理解机器语言程序。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LMsSdcWGsooA00xgzJUcR80Inuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":" 汇编语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xi0gdKkgGo0oKYxE0vacrHAtngb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"汇编语言是为特定处理器设计的,它以象征性和人类可理解的形式表示一组指令。它使用汇编程序将汇编语言转换为机器语言。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GYOQdMKQuoGkoExyYdkcuU2anIf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中级编程语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RGmIdsSwmoY8A2x89NUcdbWbnjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中级编程语言介于低级编程语言和高级编程语言之间。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q822d2sssoQQGYxAzK6c9GqFnbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它也被称为中间程序语言和伪语言。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BuG2d8s6AoiIWCxGQt1cGdbgneg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中级编程语言的优点是支持高级编程的特性,是一种用户友好的语言,与机器语言和人类语言密切相关。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FIg6dMMGaoYSu0xSyhpcKu46nPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如:C、C++","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LK8sduKWaoa0oUxQXspcudVbnid"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"高级编程语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FaYsdG0KqoOGW6xa4u0c0UQVn9c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高级编程语言 (HLL) 旨在开发用户友好的软件程序和网站。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Rsi4dE64WoykEkxzYAIcCNc8nbH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这种编程语言需要编译器或解释器将程序翻译成机器语言(执行程序)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IOqmdGCEcoeC2wxXJElc68FsnvL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"示例:Python、Java、JavaScript、PHP、C#、C++ 等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CgagdYoyyoQMCwxJ65zcUJF6ntC"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"编程实践","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGCQdQuyyoIu8Cx8DxYcWwFGnXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"学习编程语言的过程简单描述为:过、抄、仿、改、调、看、练、创、悟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JUUOdqi2Ko6mSix0qMBcv94pnAb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"过","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HqSsduwsUoqSamxyGKWcWlLqnDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"基础知识点不求深解,语言什么样的,适用场合、基本语法格式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XO0mdIAcMoOisgxuAb6cTIvHn9I"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄代码","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZwqWdC2AioWsWGxNBikcRf0unBf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"从书上抄、例子中抄、边抄边想边想边回忆语法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XQWmdmoMcoQ82axuI6Lcjb6knDe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"模仿改","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOc0dUWuAogWYAx8vZycJ1OYnfd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"仿照给出的代码写出自己的代码","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Iokkd0EewoMSMuxqCAKch8tRnZf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"勤调试","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CCIsd2secoIAiOxUXGhcQ55Mncc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不断调试验证自己想法,继续思考,再次验证。熟悉调试工具调试方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Sg8CdMOy8oMyysxC0jyc1mzunff"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"看n遍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UW4Id0cOooa6EAxIro7c3bT5nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"出错或者遇到问题时,将代码从头到尾看n遍直到快记住,找出问题原因","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ROsUdMEyQoewGUxB0JWcntn7nh6"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ag2EdIGQQowSOOxRfD2cRMnOnNl"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2-5步三遍以上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D8eod4eqmoEUcQx0XNVcgNE9n7Z"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"创新","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JqU2damiUoQm4CxUSSDcpg16nAn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"拿出一个没有写过的根据要求,一步一步写出来,写不出来参考6","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DIeidUEkooIGGWxmAUQcWltanhh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"悟","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4ikdSQY4oacQWxQ3RocOJTbnQc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主动找到写代码的感觉和成就感,保持下去。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZOCqd80k8oi8GgxkFcUcGuxan6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择大于努力,只有切入一个适合自己的开发方向,才能持续进步。关于开发方向,我有以下两个选择标准。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R620d6Qwko6O4gxeS37cRQxjnwd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":" 兴趣","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WCkGd64Gwo6UcqxoV8Icg1G8nCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习编程是一个非常枯燥的过程,内容多,时间长,成本高,即使报名了培训班也学不会,所以,我们首先要选择自己感兴趣的一个开发方向,这样不但能快速学习,以后还能持续进步。学习编程的过程是比较艰苦的,没有兴趣很难硬抗下来,此处的兴趣,是指别人无法撼动的热爱,是工作之余让你放松的事情。如果你只是有过某种想法,别人告诉你这个想法不靠谱,你就放弃了,这顶多是一时的鸡血。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BgqEdSkuMoqmqExFM9Dc7lBYnmk"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FG6OdgEWAosIcexYLUecc900nLd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"费曼学习法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FOYAdYUk6oEk4gx7u0ycaoPsnEy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在学完一个东西之后去给别人讲明白,注意是讲给别人听,当你写成文章发表在网上的时候,你自然会去用更通俗的语言,更清晰的逻辑去讲述这个事物背后的逻辑。这个过程是对自己学习的一个检验,也是加深映像整理思路的重要过程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EyYWdScu2o0ca2xIRdgcR5k2nnd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"那么如果你是去记笔记的话,很有可能你会倾向于去照抄,或是不完全照抄,以“提纲”或是“知识点”的形式抄在本子上。说句实话,照抄的笔记真的没用,因为现在搜索引擎的能力已经可以让你把大多数东西快速找到,你为什么还要照抄到笔记本上呢?","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HSu4dusiqoIcCcxCOhTccQL5n3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"从功利的角度考虑,技术文章的写作,别人可以直接访问,也可以逐渐累积你的影响力,一个好的个人技术博客,会给你的简历加分很多,而一个厚厚的笔记本,没有人会管你记了什么。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SOUSdQWIoo6OMYxIldZcuIU9nKh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"做好笔记","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SUoEdyCk0oOa2Ux2lGlcxcJKnXd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大多数人没有过目不忘的神技,学了也不一定马上掌握,需要过后花时间慢慢领悟,而且还有忘掉的风险,所以对于重要的知识点都要做好笔记。编程的过程中总会遇到各种各样的问题,比如编程环境的配置,常用的快捷键,编程过程中的错误、异常,软件更新问题等等。面对这些问题都是如何解决的,一定要记录下来,一是增加自己解决问题的经验,而是以防下次出现。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OGGwdgoU0oca0gxamqlcZ7HVnCf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"多看官方文档","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HqyKdYYu8oU6QCxKmzicQi2qnxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"外文资料互联网是一个更新迭代很快的行业,所有编程语言都会不断的更新新功能和修复旧Bug,网上查的资料很有可能是旧的解决方案,现在已经不适用了。所以最好最快的方法就是查看官方文档。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FGkAdKUGioyu6OxiQ7pcForVnXc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"进入行业圈子","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OEwIdSQ4EoK0U8xHbsJcVXchnCw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"只有进入行业圈子与其他人交流,你才了解最新的行业动态,才知道自己需要更新哪些技能。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XqkadOImEoakm4xCGrscdtHOnrg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"动手做项目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SMIQdeS4Qo60gKxSE1qcpjf9n1b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习编程的最终目的就是用所学的做出具有一定功能的项目,而做项目又是最好的学习和巩固知识的方式。如果前期能力不足就先做一些简单的功能模块,一步一步慢慢来,不要一开始就要实现各种酷炫炸天功能,遇到不会的就在网上查, 现在互联网这么发达,获取资源也及其方便。而且开发前也最好在网上查一下有没有已经成型的框架或模板,什么都自己做一是很耗费时间,二是自己技术能力不足还可能留下不少坑。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E8SSdsQksoOykkxq8qhc2D9UnPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习Python","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Noeodu46Eoyg4Oxcz2Lcvsh6nWf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ucwad8wU0omK2YxUmNnc76Pjneb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一步:访问Python官网,获取最新安装程序。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CIWwdiUucoGM4Axe1XscufX4npb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":253,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6243e00debbc4a70b8dc277fa202d4e3","width":500},"text":"","id":"ZAUEdiiUoockeYx4FwFcKNmVnsb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第二步:运行下载的安装程序,注意勾选“Add Python3.7 to PATH”,然后选择个性化安装,即“Customize installation”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DikMdkUMeoIIwOxEFNjcgKC8nfb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/61c8842e690b42fc8de3ab3bce410252","width":500},"text":"","id":"VeISdQwCcogI8yxKqjrcxkXBnXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第三步:确保“pip”被勾选上,之后安装各种库需要用到pip。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JakkdcOG8omkoCxUt62cPMoinKb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/257a0f4181604843b6b89e1ab0d338fc","width":500},"text":"","id":"HQUGdykoMoSUmGxymgjcOwounzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第四步:高级选项,需要的可以修改安装目录,通常没有需要修改的,直接点“Install”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U8gUdO22So4GWMxk5AAcYxhgnwd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a0bb9ea7ffad45d5aeef1f09f1dde2a4","width":500},"text":"","id":"IGQwdQag4oi06uxWuyacQYQAnwe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第五步:等待程序自动安装完成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZqiadCqiEoWewYx0AC8cBcnTneh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a46cba8c1cc64627a6bcb5bf991fe3f9","width":500},"text":"","id":"EmCWd0sMaoowOIxuA2lctZeXn8e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第六步:出现如下界面,说明安装已完成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CSiudKqaqomAkcx2B6tcVnpGnPd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/379805f0786b447583f0a32c4d573b32","width":500},"text":"","id":"UiCYdig0KoeIUWx049tcMB6bn6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第七步:验证方法,Windows+R 键打开“运行”窗口,输入cmd运行,进入命令提示窗口,再输入python,进入Python的命令模式,输入 print(\"Hello\"),结果输出了 Hello,如下图所示,确定开发环境已安装完成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Lmoede4cuoEwQKxmabGcMLaXnXf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":261,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f84920cc98b14ad9beb9aae12c2e06f7","width":500},"text":"","id":"MsIgduUaEosaG6xSunHcnIm8nvf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"运行环境","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Lqiwde2SYoKEoOxquyEcgRRLnLd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"Hello World!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IIgSdccwkoeaG8xmadlcUw6Bnbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"命令行","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JAaKdcMMUoSaKcxW4c1ccXeGnPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在Linux命令行输入:$python","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ac0Udg8sKoo64WxKUEpcVHc9ngc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"将直接进入python。然后在命令行提示符\u003e\u003e\u003e后面输入:\u003e\u003e\u003eprint('Hello World!')","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C6OwdcCKao0kG8x4u6bchmSwn9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以看到,随后在屏幕上输出:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMyIdGao0omCcMxyu1Kc9DyFnQJ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Hello World!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HCWydoCIKo02yMxOy7GcZ1MBnkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"print是一个常用函数,其功能就是输出括号中得字符串。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K4gYdSoiuo00icxAHmpc1eimnGc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(在Python 2.x中,print还可以是一个关键字,可写成print 'Hello World!',但这在3.x中行不通 )","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BQACduGE6oCgSOx2fvYcEcbPn4f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"小程序","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGqsdeUKwoewYQx3zgdcf4Q4nsb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"另一个使用Python的方法,是写一个Python程序。用文本编辑器写一个.py结尾的文件,比如说hello.py","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LkWEdeSkSosWMexWc7PcjpdvnJg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在hello.py中写入如下,并保存:print('Hello World!')","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JgOsdAKe4ogmyExYHgLcTmQunyg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"退出文本编辑器,然后在命令行输入:$python hello.py","id":""}],"text":"","id":"So08dE2imoYYQCxQ2QFcO82cnJL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"来运行hello.py。可以看到Python随后输出Hello World!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIKCdsmeYoCwwUx0su3cHkHqnvb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"脚本","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZsEMdwYWcoQOsQxSSv6cYylLn5e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我们还可以把Python程序hello.py改成一个可执行的脚本,直接执行:#!/usr/bin/env python","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqUgd8CeQoCIeux81qFc7h69nHE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"print('Hello World!')","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ASc8d6YmkoASeOxcNArcGC3Anbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"需要修改上面程序的权限为可执行:chmod 755 hello.py","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SY4Sd2aEMoy8E2x8moScAd5Gnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"然后再命令行中,输入./hello.py","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KcuSdKiEGomYGmxcxZ9cfAzwn9d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"就可以直接运行了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WoeudWqOAosyosx8vdLcVyTQnre"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"基本数据类型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PCwKdMoS2oKi4gxFAqZctL2XnJp"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"变量不声明","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HsuQdOC6kosCkax4ML4cAJ8Dnje"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Python的变量不需要声明,你可以直接输入:\u003e\u003e\u003ea = 10","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SoA0dk2IKogMgOxewwVc4LkKnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"那么你的内存里就有了一个变量a, 它的值是10,它的类型是integer (整数)。 在此之前你不需要做什么特别的声明,而数据类型是Python自动决定的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KuuidCs4SooqGex6ZITcthxHnHc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003eprint(a)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VUaadIGOqoYYS4xwFOLcR1CVnEh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003eprint(type(a))","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K2uYdIgSwoIaKexCWFvc3GZnnIe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"那么会有如下输出:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYCKdqwy4oWG6Ux2xQjcXvipnzV"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FukWdMmaAoceg4xCaJ5c8ktfnuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003cclass 'int'\u003e","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Mo4IdywqgoqKI8xSBu7cFmLyndb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这里,我们学到一个内置函数type(),用以查询变量的类型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8yKdI8amoWwssxaEpQcGuK7nTf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"回收变量名","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LmgCdYeiuoIWgWxOon3c3P1Hncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你想让a存储不同的数据,你不需要删除原有变量就可以直接赋值。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J0C0dc8UWo4CESx4m4jceRTAn4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003ea = 1.3","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tme6dEUG8ogECYxMrZOcjBzCnfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003eprint(a,type(a))","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xo8mdWieio2ayqxYvCqcNNnKnac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"会有如下输出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HEQgdWU6so2EW0x2pYGc8Up6nLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1.3 \u003cclass 'float'\u003e","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xe0Qd0YkEoWcUixQxzNcsc7BnQc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"序列","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K4sIdyYiaooeSKx0ENocBIlknzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"sequence(序列)是一组有顺序的元素的集合,(严格的说,是对象的集合,但鉴于我们还没有引入“对象”概念,暂时说元素)序列可以包含一个或多个元素,也可以没有任何元素。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NKG2d8UMAokU4mxs9Snc667DnQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我们之前所说的基本数据类型,都可以作为序列的元素。元素还可以是另一个序列,以及我们以后要介绍的其他对象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SIe2duU4WoQEuMxUTXrcAmmKn2f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"序列有两种:tuple(定值表; 也有翻译为元组) 和 list (表)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RmMwdgGU4oqywAxIZbQcqQHjnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003es1 = (2, 1.3, 'love', 5.6, 9, 12, False) # s1是一个tuple","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOaCdYes4o2k8yxWsrqckvlxnDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003es2 = [True, 5, 'smile'] # s2是一个list","id":""}],"text":"","id":"De8ydgYi2o0ciixAjmgcINQnnzd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003eprint(s1,type(s1))","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IMqQdWcKEogyGuxORI4cXDm9n5N"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003eprint(s2,type(s2))","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EY6idcQaooqaaGx0o8HcNZcmnHc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"tuple和list的主要区别在于,一旦建立,tuple的各个元素不可再变更,而list的各个元素可以再变更。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A8A0d4wsEoQM6gxy8wfczcPunJg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一个序列作为另一个序列的元素","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BiqUdsI6Koks4gxyig4ckRhgnGd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003es3 = [1,[3,4,5]]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YoyEdOKywoYs8Ax4E1ic6uIan3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"空序列","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OWykdUkeWo4UOQxWiu3cKYkDnAd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003es4 = []","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VWEIdSqWooyg40xMpeYcDMo9nbd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"自学","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KW4Odiy8Eo4QyMxmAKFciGS8n4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"网站","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G4AadueAIoa4o8xs9gwcSrAxnme"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜鸟网站","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KqWid0A6UoAOIAxIlTWcxC9Nnsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这个python教程很适合小白学习,没有高深的原理,照着教程学就完事了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UiaCdQGKyo6Wg2xwxHoc2Dxmnxt"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜鸟教程是一个提供免费编程学习的网站,里面不但能学到编程知识,还能运用在线编程工具,使你在学习的过程中得到发挥,实践得真理,边学边做中让基础打得更稳,让自己的知识更加稳固。在自己有不明白不理解的地方可以在网站的用户笔记中寻找大佬们的笔记,把自己所学和技术大佬的经验所融合,使自己更好地提升自己的能力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEgwdWWSsoq682x8f5wchxAynZe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜鸟教程内容丰富,例如前端热门语言HTML5、CSS3、JavaScript、Vue等它该有的都有,都会从最基础的开始教,让刚学编程的小白由浅及深,一看就懂。每个知识点都有实例可以动手,直接在页面内做你想要的效果真的非常棒。菜鸟的排版简洁清晰有序,内容一针见血,让你一看就能明白其知识点的含义。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WiU8de84coa6cQxcTG1chmmunkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜鸟教程不仅前端教程语言丰富,后端的Java、PHP、Python更是一应俱全,当然数据库、移动端、XML、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"ASP.NET","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、Web Service、开发工具和网站建设也是应有尽有,菜鸟教程有学到的知识如此之多,奋斗吧少年。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RggwdQ6uqoSiQWxI1ENck2ktnYe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":383,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"菜鸟网站","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0798ab45151c4bd0ad7d0b1c1b4f9566","width":720},"text":"","id":"NI2SdAC2QosicOxQ9YxcHeSknnh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DsoCdsMcuoAoi0x8BarcCb3Sn3f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"廖雪峰的官方网站","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CwsqdmSY6os00wxdcNSctzmwnHH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"廖雪峰的官方网站比较推荐新手程序员学习前端,这个网站的教学视频的讲解相对来说会比较生动,没有其他教程那么死板,看起来也不至于那么犯困,也更便于新手去理解。总的来说,廖雪峰的官方网站作为一款启蒙类的前端学习网站还是相当不错的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SimcdEA4mo2QwExkXoAcSn0RnEh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":750,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"廖雪峰的官方网站","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b21b64b7b6c74706ab17469ccbf6b14b","width":1783},"text":"","id":"NWWwdMy2AoWIwgxI10pcF9jJnhh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"Python官方教程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M0cGdIGsSoAYA8xaOKYcPxMInuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这是Python官方出品的教程,可搭配Python标准库一起学。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QCUKde0YCoe4aixMp6mc34NynAf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":810,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"Python官方教程","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4871398dc75d4de4ab867263607d7048","width":1445},"text":"","id":"NQI2dc86io4EgwxgVEXcl1svnae"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"书籍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZYEAdMaCaoY8mSxGJFecEcpannb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"《Python编程从入门到实践(第2版)》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OKe4diK4goU4Swxg9Edc2CcjnQZ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"作者:埃里克·马瑟斯 (EricMatthes)袁国忠 译","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PKQcdAAcGoUoC0xOqEocFhTCnlh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ISBN:9787115546081","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DyUWd4aUio4a60xu6ogcPj1Bn2d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"出版:人民邮电出版社","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Rs42dYymGoSIuUxWU7RctjUznMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"本书是针对所有层次Python读者而作的Python门书。全书分两部分:部分介绍用Python编程所必须了解的基本概念,包括强大的Python库和工具,以及列表、字典、if语句、类、文件与异常、代码测试等内容;第二部分将理论付诸实践,讲解如何发三个项目,包括简单的2D游戏、利用数据生成交互式的信息图以及创建和定制简单的Web应用,并帮助读者解决常见编程问题和困惑。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HoQodykKqo8COCxqyqwccoimnKh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":619,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"书籍","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f952cca888c0454e838c59d17090daf7","width":501},"text":"","id":"ZU6qdUUScoCUA4x46jtchHQIndf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"《像计算机科学家一样学Python》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E28edua0koSygsxnyHBcIkeznGk"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ISBN:9787115425515","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N44Udusiso2siQx61owcIo13n6d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"作者:","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"艾伦","id":""},{"type":"text","text":" B. ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"唐尼","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"(","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"Allen","id":""},{"type":"text","text":" B. ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"Downey","id":""},{"type":"text","text":")","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RkEudeuIsoy2CmxW6NxcCRV1nfh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"出版:人民邮电出版社","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WYKKdki4WoSykmx6OJVcqWOunDg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"本书以培养读者以计算机科学家一样的思维方式来理解Python语言编程。贯穿全书的主体是如何思考、设计、发的方法,而具体的编程语言,只是提供了一个具体场景方便介绍的媒介。全书共21章,详细介绍Python语言编程的方方面面。本书从基本的编程概念始讲起,包括语言的语法和语义,而且每个编程概念都有清晰的定义,引领读者循序渐地学习变量、表达式、语句、函数和数据结构。书中还探讨了如何处理文件和数据库,如何理解对象、方法和面向对象编程,如何使用调试技巧来修正语法错误、运行时错误和语义错误。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BK6ydyYuaouyusx4pJfcnzCvnPh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":701,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"书籍","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2fcdba851350469c8f20a6fd2e54a3f8","width":526},"text":"","id":"Gukwd8S6oo0uMKxNGdKcgvECnCz"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"《计算机科学丛书:Java编程思想》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Qyk4dmCKMouoUwxDv4BcZSonnv6"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ISBN:9787111213826","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LOyCdEOUeo0MSixsRQOcsCACn1A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"作者:[美] Bruce Eckel","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NY06d6MISoicmMxkpXAcDYjwnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"出版:机械工业出版社","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SASYdyGwMoMiMqx6Cn3c7fPfnFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"本书的作者拥有多年教学经验,对C、C++以及Java语言都有独到、深入的见解,以通俗易懂及小而直接的示例解释了一个个晦涩抽象的概念。本书共22章,包括操作符、控制执行流程、访问权限控制、复用类、多态、接口、通过异常处理错误、字符串、泛型、数组、容器深入研究、JavaI/O系统、枚举类型、并发以及图形化用户界面等内容。这些丰富的内容,包含了Java语言基础语法以及高级特性,适合各个层次的Java程序员阅读,同时也是高等院校讲授面向对象程序设计语言以及Java语言的好教材和参考书。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DmCwdc4UWo8kIyxkrbKcGAPFn3S"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":603,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"书籍","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/58be17df22694f249be5f539f0f12cbf","width":436},"text":"","id":"NuusdkO0KoEuqcxkhDUcaHIinNd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"《疯狂Java讲义》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Za0CdW40komg2KxiOCtcsN4pnNf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ISBN:9787121361586","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XAcQd6qs0oWqqGxUFeAcY2danZe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"作者:李刚","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HImOdIWASoK8YGxkvUZcJhCHnrh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"出版:电子工业出版社","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P0s8dmIUioYcsIxE13WcCFIgnJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《疯狂Java讲义(第4版)》深入介绍了Java编程的相关方面,《疯狂Java讲义(第4版)》内容覆盖了Java的基本语法结构、Java的面向对象特征、Java集合框架体系、Java泛型、异常处理、Java GUI编程、JDBC数据库编程、Java注释、Java的IO流体系、Java多线程编程、Java网络通信编程和Java反射机制。覆盖了java.lang、java.util、java.text、java.io和java.nio、java.sql、java.awt、javax.swing包下绝大部分类和接口。本书重点介绍了Java 9的模块化系统,还详细介绍了Java 9的jshell工具、多版本JAR包、匿名内部类的菱形语法、增强的try语句、私有接口方法,以及Java 9新增的各种API功能。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HqYKdqMICoW6Iexk7uecKI1ZnNb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":685,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"书籍","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/73f9b8449be24d31b0eb1b31f5d545fa","width":528},"text":"","id":"Nosid8Yukoa0aOxA54IcivKanue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ESKMd2eyCoKUQmxCgyCcBWYbn6f"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3Ephp的发展前景怎么样?
学习PHP是有前途的,但这个前途不是停止在PHP上,而是不断的往前进,比如成为架构师、工程师或者管理层,这些才是更高的你需要奋斗的目标,千万不要只满足于底层程序员,否则就停滞不前了。
PHP前途有两条进阶路线:
一是技术路线,进系统分析师、系统设计师到架构设计师;
二是发展为管理层,由程序员,到开发小组负责人、工程负责人,在到项目经理。
总体来说,PHP还是可以学习的,只是一定要努力往上走,不然只是单纯的学习PHP,做开发人员,是不行的哦。
楼主,关于PHP学习,我这里有几个不同阶段的学习方法,你可以看下:
第一阶段:
第二阶段:
第三阶段:
第四阶段:
第五阶段:
各阶段配套视频:
第一阶段:
PHP基础视频_html+css+js
javascript+jQuery
html+css+bootstrap:
Php轻松入门视频
第二阶段:
6天玩转MySQL
PHP核心编程视频教程
第三阶段:
基于PHP面向对象的自定义MVC框架高级项目开发
Smarty入门视频课程免费分享
第四阶段:
SVN视频教程无偿分享
2017XML视频教程
2017AJAX系列视频教程
ThinkPHP开发框架2016版
2016最新Linux系列视频教程免费分享
第五阶段:
NoSQL之Redis技术
PHP微信接口开发
mongodb实操视频
变量的命名可以由什么组成?
变量名只能由字母、数字和下划线三种字符组成变量命名规则:
变量名首字母必须为字母(a-zA-Z),下划线(_),或者美元符号($)开始,php编程中所有变量必须以$开始。(有些编译器已经支持中文变量名了)变量名只能是字母(a-zA-Z),数字(0-9),下划线(_)的组合,并且之间不能包含空格,数字不能放在变量名首位。变量名不能使用编程语言的保留字。